Decomposition of Water Footprint of Food Consumption in Typical East Chinese Cities

Water scarcity has put pressure on city development in China. With a particular focus urban and rural effects, logarithmic mean Divisia index decomposition (LMDI) was used to analyze the water footprint per capita (WFP) of food consumption five East China cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Qingdao, Xiamen) from 2008 2018. Results show that WFP exhibited an upward tendency among all during research period. Food structure contributed most growth, mainly due residents’ diet shift toward livestock-rich style. Except Beijing, level inhibited growth decrease areas. Urbanization had less influence for two megacities (Beijing Shanghai) strictly controlled population inflow policy more positive effects other cities. The intensity effect uneven water-saving efficiency. Meanwhile, Beijing Tianjin have achieved advancement utilization